The Result type is a powerful tool for handling errors in a functional and composable way. It's origins are in Rust but it has since been adopted by many other languages, including TypeScript. The wrap and unwrap functions are used to convert between the Result type and other types in your codebase. The wrap function is used to convert a value of type T into a Result object, while the unwrap function is used to extract the value of type T from a Result object and handle errors in a consistent and predictable way. The Result type allows for clear and explicit error handling, easy composition and consistency in handling errors with other values.